The Deadly Hazard of Avalanches

Avalanches have always occurred in the mountainous regions of the world. With the growth of winter-time recreations, fatalities have been on the rise since the 1950s. Avalanches claim over 150 lives each year worldwide and hundreds more are injured or trapped following an avalanche. Ninety percent of all avalanches occur on moderate slopes with an angle of 30Â ° to 45Â ° (snow tends not to accumulate on steeper slopes). Avalanches occur when the gravity pushing the collection of snow at the top of the slope is greater than the strength of the snow itself. A change in temperature, a loud noise, or vibrations are all that are necessary to trigger one of these snowfalls that begin at a starting zone. The avalanche continues downslope along the track and ultimately the avalanche fans out and settles in the runout zone. What Country Gets the Most Avalanches? Internationally, the Alpine countries of France, Austria, Switzerland, and Italy experience the greatest number of avalanches and loss of life annually. The United States ranks fifth worldwide in avalanche danger. The states of Colorado, Alaska, and Utah are the most deadly. Avalanche Prevention and Control Avalanche prevention and mitigation involves a variety of methods. Snow fences are built to prevent the buildup of snow in starting zones, structures are built to stabilize snow. deflecting walls are built to divert avalanche flows away from buildings and even entire towns. Sheds build across roadways that pass through persistent avalanche paths can help to protect motorists from avalanches. Additionally, the reforestation of slopes with trees helps to prevent avalanches. Sometimes avalanche control experts actually desire to create smaller, controlled avalanches to prevent larger, uncontrolled ones. Percussion guns, explosives, and even artillery have been used to produce these controlled avalanches when people are kept away. Although a variety of recreationists spend time in snow-covered mountains - snowmobilers are those most often killed by avalanches in the U.S. Most avalanches in the U.S. occur during the months January, February, and March and on average, 17 are killed annually nationwide. Backcountry explorers are strongly advised to not only know how to identify avalanche hazard areas but also to carry an avalanche beacon/transceiver and a shovel in case of emergency.

Individual Perception of Crime - 1349 Words

. There are a variety of variables that will affect the way a person views crime. The most common factors are race and ethnicity, religion, social class, education, and ethics. These variables are the most common way to differentiate the belief structures our society possess . Our belief systems are not innate, they are set in place; it is a learned ideal. In essence, a person’s perception of crime is based on their upbringing and background. Race and ethnicity play a major role in the way crime is perceived. One race may look at crime in a completely different manner than any other race. For instance, blacks may look at a crime differently than whites or Hispanics. Likewise, Muslims in the United States†¦show more content†¦Offenders of a poorer class may view crime completely different than an upper class person. Robbery, drug dealing, theft, murder may all be viewed as a way of life to a lower class individual. Most gang members are lower class and they see this kind of activity as a necessary action to survive. These criminal infractions are how they feed their family, so they will not bat their eye when it comes to committing such offenses. They are merely a way of life and stigmas attached to their class system. These same crimes are committed by those of upper class but their motives are out of haste or greed opposed to necessity. The victims of lower class crime are more likely to accept the off ense as a way of life for their demographics. They are also more likely to settle the issue themselves rather than ask for assistance from law enforcement. Snitching in these situations is likely to get the victims hurt worse or killed. Street justice is often practiced in lower class crimes and crime itself becomes a viscous circle. Upper class victims are more likely to not accept such offense as a way of life and will seek justice from law enforcement. They are generally more cooperative with police because they do not fear law enforcement or retaliation for talking to law enforcement. . . Education is another variable in which people will view criminal acts. This ideaShow MoreRelatedDeterrence Theory And Its Effect On The Individual s Perception Of The Crime Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pagesaddressed to encompass the crime. Deterrence theory understands that when there is a low likelihood of getting caught or the punishment is minimal it will not deter the individual from the crime. This theory theorizes the individual as a rational actor who understand the penalties and can logically think and control their actions accordingly. Shoplifters may not be informed of the likelihood of detection, risks, or other punishments of the crime. In this theory: Perceptions of sanction threats areRead MoreHow Individual s Perception Of Crime Has Changed Between Week 2 And Week 92001 Words   |  9 PagesDuring this essay, the aim is to look at how individual’s perception of crime has changed between Week 2 and Week 9. This will be conducted using surveys and graphs to support our findings. Once findings the results a comparison will then be made. At the end of the essay, reflective questions will then be answered based on the findings and knowledge throughout. The topic area that has been chosen in this study is Men vs Women (Gender and Crime). This topic has been chosen due to being the one withRead MoreRace And Racial Relations : Racial Discrimination, Profiling, Criminalization, And Neighborhood Context Essay1490 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatly improved within the last century, or even the last sixty years, racial perceptions still persist. These perceptions can be seen in several forms across society varying in intensity, policy a nd practice on an institutional level as well as an individual level. While racial relations can be taken positively in the form of equality, or negatively as segregation and prejudice rise between racial groups, racial perceptions have lead to issues of police-citizen relations, profiling, criminalizationRead MoreRealtionship Between the Media, Public Perceptions of Crime and Police1553 Words   |  7 Pagesof exposure to specific news media affect fear of crime? This question is examined in a survey with data collected from three universities in the United States and one in Canada;  The Impact of Media on Fear of Crime among University Students: A Cross-National Comparison, goes over the results. It’s believed that fear in itself can be debilitating leading to harmful social outcomes. Vincent Sacco believes there are three dimensions to fear of crime: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. Cognitive looksRead MoreCrime And Fear Of Crime1699 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it co mes to issues of crime and criminals, there are numerous potential influences that can shape an individual’s perceptions. Additionally, a major factor of perceptions of crime is the underlying emotional reactions to crime and criminal issues. These emotions about crime are vary from person to person but fear of crime tends to be regarded as the most influential response, as represented by the vast research conducted on the topic of fear of crime and its effects. In this paper, three articlesRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Fear Of Crime1488 Words   |  6 PagesREVIEW OF LITERATURE Overrepresentation of Crime and the Media Numerous studies have been done investigating fear of crime and causal links (Dorfman and Schiraldi 2001; Gerbner and Gross 1976; Hale 1996). However, few empirical studies have been done that examine the effects media has on fear of crime (Chermack 1994). Media is defined as a manner in which we can access information and news through technology (Gillium 2000). This might be on television, radio, newspapers and magazines, and otherRead MoreSanctions, Perceptions, And Crime852 Words   |  4 PagesSANCTIONS, PERCEPTIONS, AND CRIME HOW MUCH DO WE REALLY KNOW ABOUT CRIMINAL DETERRENCE According to the journal article, How Much Do We Really Know about Criminal Deterrence? The concept of deterrence is simple: â€Å"it is the omission of a criminal act because of the fear of sanctions or punishments. Deterrence is an important foundation of the criminal justice system. Law enforcement is there to apprehend those that break the law, and to convince the public that there is a risk of apprehensionRead MoreSanctions, Perceptions, And Crime : Implications From Criminal Deterrence802 Words   |  4 PagesSANCTIONS, PERCEPTIONS, AND CRIME: IMPLICATIONS FROM CRIMINAL DETERRENCE According to the journal article, the concept of deterrence is simple; it is the omission of a criminal act because of the fear of sanctions or punishments. Deterrence is an important foundation of the criminal justice system. Law enforcement is there to apprehend those that break the law, and to convince the public that there is a risk of apprehension and punishment if they commit a crime. Laws provide a host of differentRead MorePublic Adherence And Compliance With Law Enforcement Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pagesenforcement. Moreover, public perceptions of, and experiences with the police have played a critical role in police effectiveness (Beck et al. 1999), and in order for police to prosper and adequately function, they require public support. To date, there have been adequate research and investigations conducted on the level of confidence and general public perception on the police. Perceptions were based on police ability to respond to and fight crime, maintaining order an d treating crime victims fittingly. NeverthelessRead MoreMedias Influence on Crime in Postmodern Society970 Words   |  4 PagesHow do the Media Influence our understandings about crime in postmodern society? Can they also influence levels of crime? The media has a huge influence on how crime is presented and perceived. In fact, the media might even have an impact on crime prevalence and type. Reiner (2007) points out that hard scientific evidence shows that television viewing affects the ways children behave, and that children imitate violent images, (Reiner, 2007, p. 302). Based on this information, it is not just

The Rape of Nanking - 1016 Words

Throughout The Rape of Nanking, the brutal massacre of thousands of innocent Chinese citizens is brought forth through the invasion of this ancient city taken over by the Imperial Japanese army. Iris Chang illustrates the graphic details of the murder and rape of these victims through the perspectives of different sides of the attack. Chang; furthermore, ties in the mass genocide and destruction displayed throughout the book with the example of the Japanese government’s desperate attempt to cover up the incident and the reluctance of the survivors to discuss it. In addition, the horrifying events of The Rape of Nanking only further motivated an uncontrollable desire for aggression, violence, and imperialism in the Asian community evidently†¦show more content†¦All of these factors ultimately led to the strategy to keep the incident of Nanking a secret for years to come. Chang warns of the threats to current society, through the dangers of an unchecked government, and the overuse of power and greed. Chang points out that many people, who had seen the aftermath of the town, continually denied the fact that it even happened and came up with reasons for what might have gone on. â€Å"General Nagano Shigeto stated in an interview to Mainichi Shimbun, â€Å"I think the Nanking Massacre and the rest was a fabrication†¦I was in Nanking immediately afterwards. Those women claiming to be sex slaves were in fact licensed Korean prostitutes†¦Japan had no choice but to go to war, because it was in danger of being crushed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chang 203) Although Iris Chang’s book provides meaningful details and thoughtful interviews about the Nanking massacre, many argue that her book is seriously flawed. Donald Zagoria asserted, â€Å"Chang’s account, based on extensive interviews with survivors and newly discovered documents, is utterly compelling yet, at the same time, in places unbearable to read† (Zagoria 163). The novel is full of good intentions from Chang, but is also full of misinformation and harebrained explanations. Joshua Fogel suggested, â€Å"The book begins to fall apart when she tries to explain why such a horror took place. Part of the problem is her lack of training as a historian and part is the book’s dualShow MoreRelatedThe Rape of Nanking1097 Words   |  5 PagesNikolina Jovanovic Global Lit Accel Dudek April 4, 2014 Rape of Nanking In late 1937, the Japanese army brutally murdered and assaulted civilians in Nanking, China over a period of six weeks. This event in history was one of the most horrendous and also an event that is rarely talked about or taught in school. This part of history was known as the Second Sino- Japanese war. The Japanese had a contempt for the Chinese people, thinking that they were the lowest race on the planet. China had aRead MoreEssay on The Rape of Nanking2412 Words   |  10 Pagescity of Nanking, was one of the most atrocious events in history. This event has been named both the Nanking Massacre and the Rape of Nanking. The torturous, violent techniques used by the Japanese army upon Chinese civilians and soldiers including dehumanizing them, addicting them to drugs, and other perverse and violent acts, are some of the most grosteque methods ever recorded that could only be thought of by sadistic Japanese soldiers. The events committed by the Japanese army in Nanking, are equallyRead MoreThe Rape Of Nanking And The Art1504 Words   |  7 Pagesuniversality, parallels are easily drawn between Iris Chang’s The Rape of Nanking and the art that was being created in Europe and the United States during the time of Hitler’s reign, including the work Seligmann, Stael and A lbright. We must look to other global sources for this insight, due to the lack of photographic documentation in China and creation of art after the fact. The war crimes Japanese soldiers inflicted upon the people of Nanking are one of the most heinous examples of this idea of exterminationRead MoreEssay about Rape of Nanking1241 Words   |  5 PagesRape of Nanking In December of 1937, the Japanese Imperial Army marched into Chinas capital city of Nanking and began to murder 300,000 out of 600,000 civilians and soldiers in the city. The six weeks of carnage would become known as the Rape of Nanking and represented the single worst atrocity during the World War II era in either the European or Pacific theaters of war. The actual military invasion of Nanking was preceded by a tough battle at Shanghai that began in the summer of 1937Read MoreThe Rape Of Nanking By Iris Chang1402 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rape of Nanking, by Iris Chang, describes the Japanese atrocities that took place in Nanking, China during World War II. Throughout their takeover and occupation of Nanking, the Japanese soldiers were exceedingly cruel to the Chinese people. According to Chang’s account and analysis of the events that transpired, Japanese attitudes towards gender played a key role in the soldiers’ violent, cold-blooded actions, and Chinese attitudes towards gender kept the victims silent. In the late 1890s, tensionsRead MoreEssay on The Japanese Rape of Nanking, China879 Words   |  4 PagesIn December of 1937, the Japanese Imperial Army invaded Nanking, China. They killed 300,00 out of the 600,000 people in China’s capital city. The six-week rampage by the Japanese is now known as the Rape of Nanking and the single worst atrocity during WWII era in either the European or Pacific theaters of the war. Before Nanking was invaded a tough battle in Shanghai began the war in the summer of 1937. The Chinese put up a shocking battle against japan. This was slightly embarrassing to Japan becauseRead MoreIris Changs The Rape Of Nanking And The Forgotten Holocaust1416 Words   |  6 PagesNanking, now modern day Nanjing, was once the former capital of China, boasting a flourishing economy. However, the tranquility of the populous city would soon collapse. In 1937, the Japanese army attacked the capital, and for weeks bloodshed and rape ensued. In the midst of war, the city became dilapidated and riddled with destruction. The aftermath resulted in a debatable death toll, ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of civilians and soldiers. Despite the atrocities and chaosRead MoreThe Mass Killings : The Holocaust Vs. The Rape Of Nanking991 Words   |  4 PagesThe Mass Killings: The Holocaust Vs. the Rape of Nanking Most people in the world never seem to realize the mass number of raping or killings that are going on around them. Meanwhile, during the holocaust, no one understood how much it was happening around them then either, except for the people it was happening to. Most people are aware of the savagery that occurred during the holocaust in Germany, but few have ever even heard of Nanjing, much less the rape of Nanjing. Both genocides share very closeRead MoreThe Rape Of Nanking And The Three Of The Art Works During World War II1266 Words   |  6 PagesWar II, Chinese still have many problems that have not been apologized by Japanese. One of the problems that Chinese faced during the war was the rape. Women were the most vulnerable existence during the war, and they were easiest existence to control. We can learn how the horror of the war affects on women. Through out the Iris Chang’s The Rape of Nanking and the three of the art works during World War II, which are Henri Matisseà ¢â‚¬â„¢s Daisies in 1939, Wilhelm Freddie’s Portable Garbo in 1941, and JeanRead MoreHistory of Nanking Massacre1009 Words   |  5 Pageshorrific Nanking Massacre occur 70 years ago, its history is barely buried like many of the dead were at the time. The Nanking Massacre (also known as the Rape of Nanking) occurred as a part of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, which would then become part of World War II. This war involved the Republic of China defending against the invading Japanese forces. Unfortunately, China was weakened due to a civil war between the Communists and the Nationalists, so it was easily invaded. The Nanking Massacre

The Flag The Stars And Stripes, American Flag, By Yasmin...

Every country has icons that specify objects that represent beliefs, values, or tradition that make that country unique. As the United States of America has many such as, Statue of Liberty and the American Flag. Yasmin Sabina Khan shows in her book Enlightening the World: The Creation of the Statue of Liberty† why the Statue of Liberty was built, how each part of the statue describes everything and how it represents U.S today. In â€Å"Capture The Flag: The Stars And Stripes In American History†, Scot M Guenter talks about how the American flag is seen everywhere and how the flag has remained strong throughout many incidents. In the Barbara Kingsolver essay â€Å"And Our Flag Was Still There†, she writes about the meaning of the American flag and how it represents our country in different ways. And at last, Dave Barry shows us in his â€Å"Red, White and Beer†, the strong effects that patriotism can have on the sales and advertising of products. All of thes e icons that we have in America today are representing America very well; therefore, there is no need of new icons to be erected. The relationship between two nations helps in certain ways. Much like in American and French people, a friend of America from France name Edouard-Rene Lefebvre de laboulaye, visualized a monument to liberty. Laboulaye gifted the monument to honor the work of late president Abraham Lincoln and to celebrate hundred years of America as a nation. â€Å"This statue of national yet universal meaning would celebrate

Role of Indian Banks in the Growth of the Indian Economy Free Essays

string(241) " man has the option to park his savings under a few alternatives, including the small savings schemes introduced by the government from time to time and in bank deposits in the form of savings accounts, recurring deposits and time deposits\." {draw:g} {draw:custom-shape} SSUB INTRODUCTION: In the current global order, where the world has become a big village, consumers take a global look at the products and services in terms of price, quality, delivery and after-sale services. This trend has sown the seeds of competition in every sector of economy and banking sector is no exception to this event. Banking, the world over, has been changing at a spectacular pace. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Indian Banks in the Growth of the Indian Economy or any similar topic only for you Order Now This change is due to multifarious factors like the need to be efficient in functions, thirst for becoming finance superpowers than mere banks, growing importance of private banking, the rise in high net worth individuals, etc. the decade of 90s has witnessed a sea change in the way banking is done in India. Technology has made tremendous impact in banking. â€Å"ANYWHERE BANKING† and â€Å"ANYTIME BANKING† have become a reality. Growing integration of economies and the markets around the world have made global banking a reality too. The surge in globalization of finance has also gained momentum with the technology advancements, which have effectively become overcome the national borders in the financial services business. India, as we know, is one of the 104 signatories of Financial Services Agreement (FSA) of 1997. This gives Indian banks an opportunity to expand on a quid pro quo basis. BANKING IN INDIA: Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The oldest bank in existence in India is the State Bank of India, a government-owned bank that traces its origins back to June 1806 and that is the largest commercial bank in the country. Central banking is the responsibility of the Reserve Bank of India, which in 1935 formally took over these responsibilities from the then Imperial Bank of India, relegating it to commercial banking functions. After India’s independence in 1947, the Reserve Bank was nationalized and given broader powers. In 1969 the government nationalized the 14 largest commercial banks; the government nationalized the six next largest in 1980. Currently, India has 96 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) – 27 public sector banks (that is with the Government of India holding a stake), 31 private banks (these do not have government stake; they may be publicly listed and traded on stock exchanges) and 38 foreign banks. They have a combined network of over 53,000 branches and 17,000 ATMs. STRUCTURE OF BANKING SYSTEM IN INDIA: The following figure represents the structure of Indian Banking System. {draw:frame} ROLE OF BANKING SECTOR IN THE GROWTH OF INDIAN ECONOMY: Money lending in one form or the other has evolved along with the history of the mankind. Even in the ancient times there are references to the moneylenders. Indian history is also replete with the instances referring to indigenous money lenders involved in the business of money lending by mortgaging the landed property of the borrowers. Towards the beginning of the 20th century, with the onset of modern industry in the country, the need for government regulated banking system was felt. Reserve Bank of India was set up to regulate the formal banking sector in the country. But the growth of modern banking remained slow mainly due to lack of surplus capital in the Indian economic system at that point of time. Modern banking institutions came up only in big cities and industrial centers. The rural areas, representing vast majority of Indian society, remained dependent on the indigenous money lenders for their credit needs. Independence of the country heralded a new era in the growth of modern banking. In 1969, Indian government took a historic decision to nationalize 14 biggest private commercial banks. A few more were nationalized after a couple of years. This resulted in transferring the ownership of these banks to the State and the Reserve Bank of India could then issue directions to these banks to fund the national programs, the rural sector, the plan priorities and the priority sector at differential rate of interest. However, after almost two decades of bank nationalization some new issues became contextual. The service standards of the public sector banks began to decline. Their profitability came down and the efficiency of the staff became suspect. Non-performing assets of these banks began to rise. The wheel of time had turned a full circle by early nineties and the government after the introduction of structural and economic reforms in the financial sector, allowed the setting up of new banks in the private sector. The new generation private banks have now established themselves in the system and have set new standards of service and efficiency. These banks have also given tough but healthy competition to the public sector banks. MODERN DAY ROLE: Banking system and the Financial Institutions play very significant role in the economy. First and foremost is in the form of catering to the need of credit for all the sections of society. The modern economies in the world have developed primarily by making best use of the credit availability in their systems. An efficient banking system must cater to the needs of high end investors by making available high amounts of capital for big projects in the industrial, infrastructure and service sectors. At the same time, the medium and small ventures must also have credit available to them for new investment and expansion of the existing units. Rural sector in a country like India can grow only if cheaper credit is available to the farmers for their short and medium term needs. Credit availability for infrastructure sector is also extremely important. The success of any financial system can be fathomed by finding out the availability of reliable and adequate credit for infrastructure projects. Fortunately, during the past about one decade there has been increased participation of the private sector in infrastructure projects. The banks and the financial institutions also cater to another important need of the society i. . mopping up small savings at reasonable rates with several options. The common man has the option to park his savings under a few alternatives, including the small savings schemes introduced by the government from time to time and in bank deposits in the form of savings accounts, recurring deposits and time deposits. You read "Role of Indian Banks in the Growth of the Indian Economy" in category "Papers" An other option is to invest in the stocks or mutual funds. In addition to the above traditional role, the banks and the financial institutions also perform certain new-age functions which could not be thought of a couple of decades ago. The facility of internet banking enables a consumer to access and operate his bank account without actually visiting the bank premises. The facility of ATMs and the credit/debit cards has revolutionized the choices available with the customers. The banks also serve as alternative gateways for making payments on account of income tax and online payment of various bills like the telephone, electricity and tax. The bank customers can also invest their funds in various stocks or mutual funds straight from their bank accounts. In the modern day economy, where people have no time to ake these payments by standing in queue, the service provided by the banks is commendable. While the commercial banks cater to the banking needs of the people in the cities and towns, there is another category of banks that looks after the credit and banking needs of the people living in the rural areas, particularly the farmers. Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) have been sponsored by many commercial banks in severa l States. These banks, along with the cooperative banks, take care of the farmer-specific needs of credit and other banking facilities. FUTURE: Till a few years ago, the government largely patronized the small savings schemes in which not only the interest rates were higher, but the income tax rebates and incentives were also in plenty. The bank deposits, on the other hand, did not entail such benefits. As a result, the small savings were the first choice of the investors. But for the last few years the trend has been reversed. The small savings, the bank deposits and the mutual funds have been brought at par for the purpose of incentives under the income tax. Moreover, the interest rates in the small savings schemes are no longer higher than those offered by the banks. Banks today are free to determine their interest rates within the given limits prescribed by the RBI. It is now easier for the banks to open new branches. But the banking sector reforms are still not complete. A lot more is required to be done to revamp the public sector banks. Mergers and amalgamation is the next measure on the agenda of the government. The government is also preparing to disinvest some of its equity from the PSU banks. The option of allowing foreign direct investment beyond 50 per cent in the Indian banking sector has also been under consideration. Banks and financial institutions have played major role in the economic development of the country and most of the credit- related schemes of the government to uplift the poor and the under-privileged sections have been implemented through the banking sector. CONCLUSION: The Indian banking system is financially stable and resilient to the shocks that may arise due to higher non-performing assets (NPAs) and the global economic crisis, according to RBI. Following the financial crisis, new deposits have gravitated towards public sector banks. According to RBI’s ‘Quarterly Statistics on Deposits and Credit of Scheduled Commercial Banks: September 2009’, nationalized banks, as a group, accounted for 50. 5 per cent of the aggregate deposits, while State Bank of India (SBI) and its associates accounted for 23. 8 per cent. The share of other scheduled commercial banks, foreign banks and regional rural banks in aggregate deposits were 17. 8 per cent, 5. 6 per cent and 3. 0 per cent, respectively. With respect to gross bank credit also, nationalized banks hold the highest share of 50. per cent in the total bank credit, with SBI and its associates at 23. 7 per cent and other scheduled commercial banks at 17. 8 per cent. Foreign banks and regional rural banks had a share of 5. 5 per cent and 2. 5 per cent respectively in the total bank credit. NRI fund inflows increased since April 2009 and touched US$ 45. 5 billion on July 2009, as per the RBI’s February bulletin. Most of this has come through Foreign C urrency Non-resident (FCNR) accounts and Non-resident External Rupee Accounts. India’s foreign exchange reserves rose to US$ 284. 6 billion as on January 8, 2010, according to the RBI’s February bulletin. The State Bank of India (SBI) has posted a net profit of US$ 1. 56 billion for the nine months ended December 2009, up 14. 43 per cent from US$ 175. 4 million posted in the nine months ended December 2008. Amongst the private banks, Axis Bank’s net profit surged by 32 per cent to US$ 115. 4 million on 21. 2 per cent rise in total income to US$ 852. 16 million in the second quarter of 2009-10, over the corresponding period last year. HDFC Bank has posted a 32 per cent rise in its net profit at US$ 175. million for the quarter ended December 31, 2009 over the figure of US$ 128. 05 million for the same quarter in the previous year. Government Initiatives: In its platinum jubilee year, the RBI, the central bank of the country, in a notification issued on June 25, 2 009, said that banks should link more branches to the National Electronic Clearing Service (NECS). In the Third Quarter Review of Monetary Policy for 2009-10, the RBI observed that the Indian economy showed a degree of resilience as it recorded a better-than-expected growth of 7. 9 per cent during the second quarter of 2009-10. In its Third Quarter Review of Monetary Policy for 2009-10, the RBI hiked the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) by 75 basis points (bps) to 5. 75 per cent, while keeping repo and reverse repo rates unchanged. According to the RBI, the stance of monetary policy for the remaining period of 2009-10 will be to: Anchor inflation expectations and keep a vigil on inflation trends and respond swiftly through policy adjustments, Actively manage liquidity to ensure credit demands of productive sectors are met adequately, Maintain an interest rate environment consistent with financial stability and price stability. Exchange rate used: 1 USD = 46. 29 INR (as on January 2010) 1 USD = 46. 66 INR (as on December 2009) Thus it can be concluded by saying that the role of the banks has been important, but it is going to be even more important in the future. How to cite Role of Indian Banks in the Growth of the Indian Economy, Papers

Neoclassic vs Baroque Essay Example For Students

Neoclassic vs Baroque Essay The Death of Socrates by Jacques-Louis David is Neoclassic art style. The painting shows Socrates, condemned to death, calm and at peace, discussing the immortality of the soul. Surrounded by his grieving friends and students, he is teaching and philosophizing. His wife was dismissed to the hallway to grieve due to her weakness. Plato is depicted as an old man seated at the foot of the bed. Socrates has the body of a young athlete, as well as others in the painting. Each one of the twelve subjects surrounding him is meticulously drawn in detail. The dramatic use of light and dark (chiaroscuro) is seen in the focus, or emphasis, towards Socrates. There are definitive lines on the walls. These create shadows in the room and in the hallway. The texture of the floor and walls seem smooth and hard. The cloaks worn are colorful and seem soft to the touch. The painting has a high degree of communicative value do to the variety of colors used. In Neoclassical art, the emphasis is on form, simplicity, proportion and restrained emotion. The aesthetic attitudes and principles were based on the culture, art and literature of ancient Greece and Rome in antiquity. It invokes characteristics such as harmony, clarity, restraint, universality and idealism. The artists of this period concerned themselves with human affairs ruled by reason, the outgrowth of the Enlightenment. There was a regard for tradition and reverence for the classics, with an accompanying distrust of innovation. The Conversion of St. Paul by Caravaggio is Baroque art style. It is a painting depicting Saul of Tarsus, almost at the end of his journey to Damascus, when a great light suddenly surrounds him from heaven, a light brighter than the sun. He then heard the voice of Christ asking Saul why he persecutes him. After this experience, he is converted and journeys into the city as a messenger of Christ. The painting has a high contrast value. It conveys a great deal of emotion. Caravaggio uses harsh, raking light that strikes across the painting, illuminating parts of it while plunging the rest into deep shadow. This dramatic illumination heightens the emotional tension, focuses the details, and isolates the figures in the foreground. The size of the horse in proportion to Saul seems awesome in stature. There is an emphasis on Saul with his arms outstretched in diagonal lines. The colors used are dark and rich, set against an even darker background. Caravaggio had a firm grip on how to create drama on canvas by playing with light, shade, color and tradition. Baroque works of art are dramatic, emotional and include real people as the primary subject. Colors are brighter than bright, dark is darker than dark and light is lighter than light. In other words, the more dramatic, the better. Some of the qualities associated with the Baroque are grandeur, drama, movement, tension, emotional exuberance, and a tendency to blur distinctions between the various arts. This painting as well as other Baroque work evokes emotional states by appealing to the senses in dramatic ways. It also includes qualities of vigorous movement and emotional intensity associated with its primary meaning.

Shakespeares play Essay Example For Students

Shakespeares play Essay Prospero appears in the play early on in the second scene. After the exhilarating beginning to The Tempest, his daughter Miranda and himself bring about a calmer atmosphere, Shakespeare has intended to do so, to the extent that he has converted the language into verse for these characters. Miranda especially expresses a flowing and poetical image where she tries to portray herself as a helpless and weak girl O, I have suffered. Some sentences are linked to add to this affect th welkins overall her reflection creates an outline of Prosperos character, as he is her father. By examining the detail of characters with some connection to Prospero, like Miranda and Caliban for example, makes it simpler to assess his character. For the reason that the way he acts around different people shapes his personality. Meanwhile a Christian friend of Antonio and Bassanio, called Lorenzo, runs away with Shylocks daughter, Jessica. Shylocks loss affects him deeply, with the need for revenge. Shylock then requires his pound of flesh from Antonio, whom had not repaid him. Taken to court, Shylock rejects large sums of money and insists that he has his pound of flesh. A disguised Portia solves the argument and tells Shylock to take his pound of flesh, without blood being drawn. This leads to defeat of Shylock, who is stripped of his belongings and is forced to become a Christian.  Throught the play Shylock is persecuted by most non Jews he knows. He is a strong character in the play, through the unfortunate dominance of Christians; he wont tolerate nor give up his perseverance to earn his own rights. Shakespeares audience in the Elizabethan era would see the play as a reality, from being set in the same era. 16th centaury Venice was full of fashion, culture, trade and sophistication. The Christian leaders were keen to quell the activities of the Jews, and so created one of the first Jewish ghettos, forcing Jews to live in a particular area.  In my opinion, Shakespeares audience would have portrayed Shylock as a villain. This is because the play was written in their period of time; the culture didnt come as a shock, therefore seeing racial prejudice as normal. In their era, Jews were put below Christians, they were even seen as a different species compared to Christians. The audience would have seen Shylock as scum and a disgrace, taking more notice of his selfishness and greed, I am right loath to go; there is some ill a brewing towards my rest, for I did dream of money bags tonight. Shylock was very determined to have justice for how the Christians had previously treated him, which the audience would have disliked, as Christians were above everyone else. Shakespeare showed how Shylock and his daughter, Jessica, had a rocky relationship. Shylock was shown not to treat Jessica very well, Alack, what heinous sin is it in me to be ashamd to be my fathers child! An audience in Shakespeares time, would have found this a disgrace, and would hold sympathy for Jessica. Because of the massive difference between our culture and the culture in the Elizabethan era, we would see Shylock from a completely different perspective. We would see Shylock as a man persecuted because of his religion. This is because we take more notice how people act towards Shylock, through being prejudice, I am like to call thee so again, to spit on thee again, to spurn thee too, seeing through his selfishness and greed. The quote also shows how stubborn Christians were and how they could get away with spitting on the Jews, or verbally abusing them. We show It is also seen throughout the play that Shylock receives no sympathy from any of the other characters in the play, every one hates him, so we would want to be sympathetic towards Shylock. Shylock is treated badly by Christians and cant do anything about it, so instead he shows his anger through revenge. We would show sympathy here, as in our modern day culture all religions are generally accepted, we also we see his viciou s actions as a response for being victimised by Christians. Shakespeare challenges the notion of conventional marriage in Much Ado About Nothing using the characters of Beatrice and Benedick EssayThou calldst me dog before thou hadst a cause, but since I am a dog, beware my fangs. The duke shall grant me justice. This quote shows Shylocks determination t not give up. However, it is hard to notice some of Shylocks cruel acts towards the Christians he comes cross, but we see that Shylock has only become a villain through being a victim, The villainy you teach me I will execute, and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction. In my own opinion, I would portray Shylock as a victim more than a villain. This is based on the way Shylock was treated, and how he wasnt accepted because he was a Jew. I see that the only way he was villainous was because Christians treated him unfairly. I therefore see expectable excuses for the way Shylock acted, but I see no excuse for Christians to push Jews out of their society, and treat them like scum. If Christians didnt separate the Jews from themselves in the first place, then there wouldnt be so much anger and disagreement.